Mobile Learning
Mobile Learning+context
mLearning, or "mobile learning", is convenient in the sense that it is accessible from virtually anywhere, which provides access to all the different learning materials available. It is also collaborative; sharing is almost instantaneous among everyone using the same content, which leads to the reception of instant feedback and tips. M-Learning also brings strong portability by replacing books and notes with small RAMs, filled with tailored learning contents. In addition, this kind of learning is engaging and fun. Therefore, it is simple to utilize mobile learning for a more effective and entertaining experience.
+resources and best practices
Mobile Learning+background
History
1970s and 1980s
Alan Kay and colleagues in the Learning Research Group at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center [PARC] propose the Dynabook as a book-sized computer to run dynamic simulations for learning. Their interim Dynabooks are the first networked workstations.
1990s
Universities in Europe and Asia develop and evaluate mobile learning for students. Palm corporation offers grants to universities and companies who create and test the use of Mobile Learning on the PalmOS platform. Knowledgility creates the first mobile learning modules for CCNA, A+ and MCSE certification using the core tools that later became LMA.
2000s
The European Commission funds the major multi-national MOBIlearn and M-Learning projects.
Companies were formed that specialize in three core areas of mobile learning.
- Authoring and publishing
- Delivery and Tracking
- Content Development
Conferences and trade shows were created to specifically deal with mobile learning and handheld education, including: mLearn, WMUTE, and IADIS Mobile Learning international conference series, ICML in Jordan, Mobile Learning in Malaysia, Handheld Learning in London, SALT Mobile in USA.
The International Association for Mobile Learning
The International Association for Mobile Learning (IamLearn)has been formed as a membership organization to promote excellence in research, development and application of mobile and contextual learning. It organizes the annual mLearn international conference series. IamLearn manages a website to collate and disseminate information about new projects, emerging technologies, and teaching resources.
In 2008 an Assistant Professor Matthew Kam from Carnegie Mellon University developed mobile phone learning games for children in rural India.
Mobile Learning+definitions
mLearning, or "mobile learning", has different meanings for different communities. Although related to e-learning and distance education, it is distinct in its focus on learning across contexts and learning with mobile devices. One definition of mobile learning is: Any sort of learning that happens when the learner is not at a fixed, predetermined location, or learning that happens when the learner takes advantage of the learning opportunities offered by mobile technologies.[1] In other words, mobile learning decreases limitation of learning location with the mobility of general portable devices.
The term covers: learning with portable technologies, where the focus is on the technology (which could be in a fixed location, such as a classroom); learning across contexts, where the focus is on the mobility of the learner, interacting with portable or fixed technology; and learning in a mobile society, with a focus on how society and its institutions can accommodate and support the learning of an increasingly mobile population that is not satisfied with existing learning methodologies.
Mobile Learning+where to start
Mobile Learning+issues
Challenges
Technical challenges include:
- Connectivity and battery life
- Screen size and key size [5]
- Ability for authors to visualize mobile phones for delivery
- Multiple standards, multiple screen sizes, multiple operating systems
- Repurposing existing e-Learning materials for mobile platforms
Social and educational challenges include:
- Accessibility and cost barriers for end users: Digital divide.
- How to assess learning outside the classroom
- How to support learning across many contexts
- Developing an appropriate theory of learning for the mobile age
- Conceptual differences between e- and m-learning
- Design of technology to support a lifetime of learning [6]
- Tracking of results and proper use of this information
- No restriction on learning timetable
- Personal and private information and content
- No demographic boundary
- Disruption of students' personal and academic lives [7]
- Access to and use of the technology in developing countries [8]
Mobile Learning+lessons learned
M-Learning "Go Mobile" Summits Peak Interest across Africa This Summer
July 13, 2009 | Leigh Jaschke for Mobile Active
http://mobileactive.org/m-learning-summits-peak-interest-across-africa-summer
Reporting with Mobile Phones: The Experience of Voices of Africa
by Katrin Verclas, November 13, 2009 for PBS Idea Lab

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